This week tied together central bank decisions, shifting rate expectations, and a steady flow of economic data, with markets responding across currencies, commodities, and bonds.

The dollar index hovered near 98.6 on Monday, settling into a narrow range after last week’s modest gains.

In a landmark move on Friday, the Bank of Japan (BoJ) raised its short term interest rate by 25 basis points to 0.75%. This unanimous decision raises borrowing costs to their highest level since 1995, sending a powerful signal that the nation is decisively exiting its era of ultra-loose monetary policy.